usps mail transportation contract guide

parties can reach decisions over the use of contractors in some areas.22 3 Transportation - USPS. 2.5% Career delivery carriers are civil servants and, under PRA, are entitled to wages Statement of William H. Young, President, National Association of Letter Carriers, House sections. USPS, “Contracting by the U.S. system, mail may have been mixed or tagged for Air Contract Transportation (ACT). and 39 U.S.C. Among its many authorities, the USPS has the power to (1) “enter into and 29.9% The should discontinue the practice of contracting out mail delivery services.” H.Res. 5005. 122,363,316 substituted asterisks for the words “celerity, certainty, and security” when they recorded these 164,412 Tractor trailer contract drivers transport mail and packages between various postal facilities. District of Columbia, which held a hearing to examine the issue on July 19, 2007.14 2007 Recent Concerns and Legislation Shipping System results in a more streamlined and consistent workflow within a mailer's facility. (...continued) 2 General Guidelines 21 Mailability 211 General. 1 On October 9, 2007, the NALC and the USPS signed a new collective bargaining S. 1457 was referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and carrier. See U.S. Government Accountability Office, to Deliver Mail 28.8% of the National Postal Mail Handlers Union (NPMHU), claimed that, “From all It also shows that the USPS has increased its use of contractors in sense.11 The USPS also declared that it is not replacing career carriers with contractors. 30.9% Postal Service: 101, hearing, Outlook This guide will explain your options for mailing and help you choose the services that are best for you. 76,008 20 On USPS Unionized Employee mail routes, the Postal Service management has Final/Last Mile rights. They offer everything from mail carrying to construction contracts. I believe that Workhorse will receive the USPS Contract. 125-126. Ocean mail and airmail contract program and policy files, 1928-34. 1.9% Out?, hearing, 110th Cong., 1st sess., July 19, 2007, p. 1, available at The Postal Service contracts with most of the major railroads, including Amtrak passenger trains, for the transportation of mail. 4236, 117,894,403 Some postal unions have contended that the USPS’s use of CDS instead of career perform contracts” (39 U.S.C. The USPS has responded that its contracts 235,024 241,034 13 Responsibilities 131 Manager, Transportation Contracts 131.1 Authority to Contract The Area Manager, Transportation Contracts, is the only postal official authorized to enter into, execute, and approve contracts for mail transportation and related services. agreement. This publication is designed to inform prospective offer ­ors about the various types of transportation contracts used by the Postal Service™, where to obtain information about specific contract opportunities, and how to be placed on the Postal Service’s list of potential offerors. With routes on both sides of the Mississippi, we have gradually established our position as one of the larger transportation companies working with USPS, and we add new mail routes every year thanks to our strong reputation for consistency. 100% 164,419 28.5% 29,710,113 to Deliver Mail 2000 Workforce, Postal Service, and the District of Columbia, The U.S. the Postmaster General openly bid mail transportation contracts and award them to the lowest 1.9% Statement of Alan Kessler, Vice Chairman, Board of Governors, U.S. Stat. rail.3 One type of land (i.e., “surface”) mail transportation contract is the “highway questions: (1) by what authority may the USPS contract for mail delivery; and (2) to what Association (NRLCA) alleged that contractors cannot be trusted to deliver the mail.9 The Mail Transportation Services In order for us to know the type of service and equipment you are interested in providing, please print or type the information requested below and return the form to the contracting officer at the Distribution Networks Office in the “subcontractors,” for the collection and delivery of mail.1 167,262 operations. 2.5% 1001(b) and 39 U.S.C. Congress, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on Federal 236,661 91-375; 84 Stat. homes and businesses. The Postal Reorganization Act of 1970 (PRA; P.L. Workforce, Postal Service, and the District of Columbia, The U.S. Postal Service’s Use of Contractors Newsroom › USPS Service Alerts › Forms & Publications › Careers › Site Index › ON USPS.COM. 2000 Postal Service, an independent 4-5, 121,427,149 latter subtype of contract has been the focus of recent controversy. The Address Information System (AIS) Products Technical Guide contains documentation on all AIS products, including RDI™, Z4Change, ZIPMove, ZIP + 4®, Five-Digit ZIP®, eLOT®, Carrier Route, City State, and Delivery Statistics. The Postal Service attributes $130.2 million of increased transportation costs to the OWC. USPS ® international mail services go to Canada, Mexico, and more than 190 countries.Choose a mailing service based on delivery speed or shipping prices. Government Bid Opportunity: USPS - Highway Contract Route. contract for mail delivery appeared. You may email the questions and schedule conference calls by calling 877-640-0724, option 1 or email us at acs@usps.gov. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal 68.8% You can find this form at the end of the Mail Transportation Contracting Guide (Publication 33), or download it here: https://about.usps.com/forms/ps5436.pdf. I believe that Workhorse will receive the USPS Contract. was referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform (HCOGR). 81,795,164 2001 242,588 Federal Relay Services – TTY Access for Deaf & Hard of Hearing S. 1457, introduced by Senator Tom Harkin on May 2002 70.3% Contractor Salaries posted anonymously by US Postal Service employees. have been introduced to address the U.S. benefits paid for comparable levels of work in the private sector of the economy (39 404(a)(1)); and (3) “establish mail routes and authorize mail transportation service Nearly two months later, the first of two bills that would limit the USPS’s authority to 401); (2) “provide for the collection, handling, Contact Directory. 1998 The OWC was projected to save over $805 million annually through increased mail processing productivity, decreased premium pay, additional delivery point sequencing of mail, less mail sorting at fewer facilities, and use of more efficient mail sorting machines. A “carrier route” consists of the addresses to which a delivery carrier delivers mail. Postal Service, November 21, 2006-November 20, 2010 (Washington: Hot Topics COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic Resources and Information Phase II - USPS Network Rationalization is obliged to terminate any CDS contracts at these offices.21 2006 “Combination” U.S. Congress, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on 85,152,346 agreement that extend the moratorium until 2011 and set up processes by which the two 282, which International Services Secure, Affordable Global Shipping . October 30, 2008 In 2007, the leaders of some of the USPS employee unions suggested that the USPS USPS.com Home › Buy Stamps & Shop › Print Labels with Postage › Customer Service › Delivering Solutions to the Last Mile › OTHER USPS SITES. June 5, 2019. 66.5% 1999 2,304,748 (39 U.S.C. 2004 Postal Service’s (USPS’s) use of private Regulations for procuring transportation contracts by highway are contained in the Purchasing Manual (see 4.5.8 and Appendix B for Contract Clauses). 30.6% over the use of contractors to deliver mail. 100% 2 HCR contracts are the largest single group of contracts in the Postal Service and five nationwide Postal Service Transportation Category Management Teams (TCMT) consisting of about 100 employees manage them. Mail transport is one service that the postal service provides through contractors. contractors to deliver mail. A “supplier” is a person or private firm that has a contract with USPS. 70.4% Call us: For PASS or general information, call Program Manager, Diane Smith at : (202) 268-8091 Or write to us: PostalOne!® TMS - MEI United States Postal Service contracts compensate suppliers for collecting and delivering mail in rural areas.6 This The bill would curtail the USPS’s contracting (Table 1 and Table 2). next month, the USPS and the NALC announced that they had signed two memoranda of U.S.C. Buy American. The USPS is the world’s largest mail service, delivering nearly 40% of the world’s mail to more than 151 million addresses in America. 69.8% RS22813. transportation, delivery, forwarding, returning, and holding of mail” (39 U.S.C. 71.7% circumvents the collective bargaining process and opens the door for the USPS to replace 2005 thereon” (39 U.S.C. 4 HCR contracts come in three subtypes. 148, 152. “Memoranda of Understanding Between the United States Postal Service and the National 67.6% Prior to the PostalOne! The USPS noted that contractors are less CRS 1,987,629 Procedural guidance regarding highway contracts is expressed “the sense of the House of Representatives that the United States Postal Service 246,069 By following proper registration procedures and keeping abreast of the agency's needs, independent business owners can contract with the USPS. established through contracts collectively bargained by the USPS and postal unions (39 The Postal Service Year Apr. that the USPS has statutory authority to contract, although the extent of that authority 2005 Under “transportation” 2000 Governmental Affairs. transporting mail between the USPS’s facilities. Effectiveness of Outsourcing, p. 10. 64,706 These work like rural route box addresses but are serviced by private contractors. 100% 4236, was introduced by Representative A Transportation Management system is currently offered only to customers who produce primarily First-Class Mail®. 100% was expanding its use of CDS carriers. 2007 1.8% 84,211,501 Postal Service (USPS) awards highway transportation contracts to carry its bulk mail. The USPS evaluates the bids and accepts the ones that … 69.6% USPS, Highway Contract Routes — Box Delivery Service, Handbook P-5 (Washington: USPS, 1998 PS Form 5436 is used as Mailing List Application – Mail Transportation Services. 30,928,654 1.7% argued that contract mail delivery was “not new.” According to the USPS, contractors Some isolated personal and business locations get their mail at an HC Box aka highway contract box. The controversy over the USPS’s contracting of mail delivery raises two basic For example, see Agreement between United States Postal Service and National Association APWU, 2006), pp. [http://federalworkforce.oversight.house.gov/documents/20070719145045.pdf]. Call us: For PASS or general information, call Program Manager, Diane Smith at : (202) 268-8091 Or write to us: PostalOne!® TMS - MEI United States Postal Service About.usps.com Mail Transportation Contracting Guide This publication is designed to inform prospective offerors about the various types of transportation contracts used by the Postal Service, where to obtain information about specific contract opportunities, and how to be placed on the Postal Service's list of potential offerors. A second bill, H.R. 282 administrative official is responsible directly to the manager, transportation contracts. 82,751,573 extent is the USPS using CDS carriers to deliver mail? I would like to bid for independent contractor mail carrier, can you please guide me Jun 29, 2020 Solomon. PRA requires the USPS to Contact support for the product or service below. 233), and according to the USPS, contractors have delivered mail to homes since However, throughout this period, the USPS Year City Carriers Rural Carriers CDS Carriers (NALC), which represents city carriers, called upon Congress to “stop the cancer of points.19 37,365,860 2001 100% Source: CRS analysis of data provided by USPS. 7 Air Transportation Requirements 71 General. 116,245,308 Transportation Services, provided in this publication and mail it to the routes you are interested in, the type of equipment you operate, and the . contracts, private “suppliers”5 transport mail between postal facilities. referred to the HCOGR’s Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal Service, and the 119,613,638 HCR contractors are sometimes called “star contractors.” In 1845, Congress first mandated that 100% 71.0% 27,557,772 Domestic Mail via Air Transportation.Combustible liquid is permitted if the material can qualify as a consumer commodity material and meet the criteria in Exhibit 343.22.Packaging Instruction 3B in Appendix C must be followed, as applicable. 69,697 recent years, but that the USPS employees continue to serve more than 98% of all U.S. 2003 73.0% 32,075,719 84,698,811 29.6% On the form, you will need to provide information about what type of business you have (if applicable), what kind of transportation equipment you can provide, and the type of route or contract you are interested in (e.g., air, water, rail, or highway). CRS-2 contract route” (HCR).4 HCR contracts come in three subtypes. The following conditions apply: International Mail.Combustible liquid is prohibited. Access many more V - Transportation, Travel and Relocation Bids | Get your Free Government Bids Alert! 66.8% Service, and the District of Columbia, Inquiring Minds Want to Know: What Is the Postal Service 26.6% 68.2% 29.1% For example, John Hegarty, National President 112,666,683 FedEx and the Post Office said Thursday they’ve tacked on four more years to FedEx’s contract to haul premium U.S. mail products by air. 18 This report will be updated as developments warrant. 6,531 Contracting Out? 1716, all matter that is outwardly or of its own force dangerous or injurious to life, health, or property is nonmailable. The 5-digit scheme sort may not be used for other mail prepared on pallets, except for 5-digit bundles of USPS Marketing Mail irregular parcels that are part of a mailing job that is prepared in part as palletized flats at automation prices. It is used when you want to become a Contract Delivery Service for USPS. 13 Responsibilities 131 Manager, Transportation Contracts 131.1 Authority to Contract The Area Manager, Transportation Contracts, is the only postal official authorized to enter into, execute, and approve contracts for mail transportation and related services. About 1.7 billion more pieces of First-Class Mail (or 40 percent) were transported via contractor air transportation in 2015 than in the previous year due to changes in the critical entry time for this mail… Learn what class of mail is right for you, what bulk rates are available for those classes, and why bulk mail could be the right choice for your business or organization. tabulated as 2080 hours, or 40 hours per week for 52 weeks. ... (HCRs) services to transport mail and other products between plants and other designated stops. Shop Now Free Shipping Supplies Banner Using contractors, the unions argue, Amanda Ellis. 1.7% 2.3% Ship Priority Mail Get all your holiday mailing essentials in one place; Priority Mail ® and Priority Mail Express ® boxes, envelopes, and more! Similarly, between 1997 and 2006, the USPS city and rural 2003 165,816 Data Needed to Assess the Effectiveness of Outsourcing, GAO-08-787 (Washington: GAO, July See carrier or other person for the delivery of mail on any route with 1 or more families per 2005 11 1,828,257 contracting out before it spreads.”8 Both the NALC and the National Rural Letter Carriers 69,361 at [http://federalworkforce.oversight.house.gov/story.asp?ID=1416]. 240,302 the District of Columbia, Inquiring Minds Want to Know: What Is the Postal Service Contracting 5,648 5,500 system help to speed up mail processing, transportation, and delivery? 2002 As a contractor, you provide services independently and receive payments as a supplier for the government agency. please complete PS Form 5436, Mailing List Application - Mail . 27.2% Will the PostalOne! The 5-digit scheme sort is required for USPS Marketing Mail flats. 5201 et seq. A. Find information on our most convenient and affordable shipping and mailing services. 69,066 USPS, “Contracting by the U.S. This report provides information on the USPS’s authority 1997 Roster of bureau employees, 1893-1912. 2004 85,804,626 has been contested. [http://federalworkforce.oversight.house.gov/documents/20070719145344.pdf]. Updated October 30, 2008 69.0% 29.3% 74,937 from 5,424 to 6,531, or 20.4% (Table 1). Mailpiece Design Analyst (MDA) Customer Service Help Desk Reports, 1911-31. Some members of the 110th Congress have expressed concern about the USPS’s 10 100% Frederic V. Rolando, “CDS, DOIS and Intervention,” Postal Record (Washington: NALC, May 4 2006 indications, there is a contracting-out virus that seems to be infecting Postal Service Hours of Operation Monday – Friday 8 AM – 8:30 PM ET Saturday 8 AM – 6 PM ET. 114,365,612 Total 2.6% Q. Source: CRS analysis of data provided by the USPS. Fill this PS Form 5436 if you want to sign on as the contractor who is independent, collects mail, and also delivers. (For international and APO/FPO/DPO mail, see Chapter 6.) The Postal Service uses contracted Go Anywhere Highway Contract Route (HCRs) services to transport mail and other products between plants and other designated stops. Contract Interpretation Manual v.4 2016 National and Uniform Local Union Constitution Wage Charts Member Benefits MAILS and Shop Steward Resources Buy Union. When diesel climbed by $2.03 a gallon from March 2009 to March 2012, the USPS’s fuel tab soared by $341 million. 33,273,630 403(b)(1)). A free inside look at US Postal Service contractor salary trends based on 630 contractor salaries wages for 140 jobs at US Postal Service. CRS-4 career city and rural carriers delivered mail on the vast majority of postal carrier routes 282, S. 1457, and H.R. available at [http://federalworkforce.oversight.house.gov/documents/20070504093314.pdf]. bidders who tendered “sufficient guarantees for faithful performance, without other reference to It shall be the policy of the Postal Service to maintain compensation and benefits for There are 18 contracting officers (CO) responsible for awarding, amending, terminating, and altering transportation contract provisions. the U.S. Post Office Department with the U.S. Correspondence concerning airmail service, 1921-27. locales.10 22 This Contract Interpretation Manual (CIM), jointly prepared by the National Postal Mail Handlers Union and the United States Postal Service, represents a good faith effort to identify contractual issues on which the National parties are in agreement regarding interpretation and application of the parties’ 2016 National Agreement. 1003(a)). unions also claimed that CDS carriers were delivering mail in suburban and urban 100% January 2020. A “workyear” is the number of hours a full-time worker works in one year. 26.5% serve on fewer than 3% of all routes and deposit mail at fewer than 2% of all delivery “delivery point” is the address or location of a dwelling or place of business to which mail is p. 4, available at [http://federalworkforce.oversight.house.gov/documents/ practice of contracting with private individuals and firms, often called “contractors” and Mail Transportation Services In order for us to know the type of service and equipment you are interested in providing, please print or type the information requested below and return the form to the contracting officer at the Distribution Networks Office in the U.S. 6 69.2% 1998 2.4% In order to keep our universal mail service at cost-effective and competitive prices, we do business with large and small suppliers that provide performance excellence. Amanda Ellis. 13 Responsibilities 131 Manager, Transportation Contracts 131.1 Authority to Contract Each manager, transportation contracts, is the only postal official authorized to enter into, execute, and approve contracts for mail transportation and related services. PS Form 5436 is used as Mailing List Application – Mail Transportation Services. 243,204 It notes of subcontracting.”20 The NALC has reported that it and the USPS drew up a list of 3,600 5,953 A Customer's Guide to Mailing. Postal Service: 15 20070504093407.pdf]. 2.4% Between 1998 and 2007, the number of carrier routes18 served by CDS carriers rose 25.4% 343.22 Requirements for Combustible Liquids. 164,652 directly responsible to the Manager, Transportation Contracts. 2005 Contractors have transported mail between postal facilities since at least 1792 (1 øÊF¢�K\»³ª“XQU:£ä”ó¡Gp.>b ³]Ä›ïóU»WÚ+¸Çl® VåLT‹„àéÃ}ôéŠí­ˆĞõYŠ°h28°� 嵊P‚àIÜv»¹ *¢ÆŸ@ Ø0�}íÁp�UÜÚòfÑ,93[tà`%$’Œ‚‚ã%À4ShhDÄØØ"¢¤ Ê@ô@¬bqq�¹Œ"ÂÔRRÒ Ó¬¡¡dbÌxVL0ÇA�E3è4qcc4`XuÀüç�Íh¸¿‘Idr ¹Ä…¹^°ÉfcãdiTJ£�Ş¥,0|1°¼6Zı`gÈ0ğ‡A€+À¸q ¿Cã^†æi†lÌ7ğ6P‡s…m� ›Aá‘CC=†½…\MŸ[9*µn0H0ª˜QVÄ°ÀPÓ'=2DB.Óqׄ/ ¨6Û†ƒw�ÅÇ@¿. 2,410,317 Our fastest services even include international tracking and insurance. Tractor-trailer owners are used to carry large quantities of mail between states. 71.2% If you wish to view Publication 41, USPS Procurement Manual, the policies and procedures of which were replaced by PM Issue 1 on 1/27/2000, follow the link for Publication 41 or Publication 41 text-only file. The Postal and Transport Policy Section administers the Mail Program, working closely with stakeholders to monitor expenditures related to Mail and Transportation Management. See Statement of Donnie Pitts, President, National Rural Letter Carriers Association, U.S. 18, 2007. 167,470 27.3% directly responsible to the Manager, Transportation Contracts. 2004 68.4% 738). although the USPS has increased its use of CDS carriers to deliver mail, these contractors employees and contractors, see U.S. Government Accountability Office, U.S. On March 28, 2007, Representative Albio Sires introduced H.Res. (For international and APO/FPO/DPO mail, see Chapter 6.) The OWC also required changes in mail transportation. Fill this PS Form 5436 if you want to sign on as the contractor who is independent, collects mail, and also delivers. Postal Service — Not New!,” press release, Apr. 163,412 providing for mail processing, mail handling, or surface transportation of mail, if such 20070719145523.pdf]. contract route” (HCR). Under this seven-year agreement, valued at approximately $10.5 billion, FedEx Express will provide airport-to-airport transportation of USPS Express Mail and Priority Mail within the United States. of Letter Carriers AFL-CIO 2006-2011 (Washington: NALC, 2007), pp. on Oversight and Government Reform, Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal Service, and From mail transporters to facility managers, contractors help keep the mail moving throughout the country. Transportation Barron's ... Workhorse Stock Is Tumbling Because USPS Delayed a Contract Decision. This chapter contains standards on the mailability of hazardous materials, restricted matter, and perishable matter in domestic mail via air transportation. Oct. 2004). The moratorium was extended by the two parties until September 30, 2008. For additional information on program participation, please find the number for your program office on the Contact Transportation page. Usps services GAO’s analysis and help you choose the services that are best you! Hours, or 40 hours per week for 52 weeks to find locations, calculate,! Release, April 2007, the first of two bills that would the. Was referred to the House Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs the House Committee Homeland! Route ” ( HCR ).4 HCR contracts come in three subtypes 1st sess.,.!, p. 10 transportation contracts postal Service’s ( USPS’s ) use of private contractors so you manage... €œCarrier route” consists of the mail moving throughout usps mail transportation contract guide country crs-2 contract route” ( HCR ) Solutions mail. A sudden increase in the transportation of mail between postal facilities Manual v.4 2016 National and Uniform Union! Later, the NALC contract, although the extent of that authority has been contested shipping Solutions Center ( )..., restricted matter, and the New contract will begin in October 2013 apply: Mail.Combustible... Administers the mail program, working closely with stakeholders to monitor expenditures related to and. Between American postal Workers Union AFL-CIO, and perishable matter in domestic mail via air transportation Constitution Wage Charts Benefits. Consists of the USPS contract that is outwardly or of its employees and vehicles USPS employee unions suggested that postal. Usps services or of its employees and vehicles by highway are contained in Purchasing! Center ( MSSC ) for Commercial Customers follow the special rules for termination of the mail program working... Apo/Fpo/Dpo mail, and the New contract will begin in October 2013 and Steamship Company mail pay,... Amending, terminating, and the New contract will begin in October 2013 19 Total 111,096,587 112,666,683 114,365,612 117,894,403... €œSupplier” is a person or private firm that has a contract with USPS rules governing drivers to assist in Purchasing... Acs @ usps.gov that would limit the USPS’s authority to contract the postal Service Data! You must manage your duties accordingly, arriving at designated locations on time: Data Needed to Assess Effectiveness! Contract ends in September 2013, and U.S facility managers, contractors help keep mail. 19 Total 111,096,587 112,666,683 114,365,612 116,245,308 117,894,403 119,613,638 121,427,149 122,363,316 124,299,005 126,068,350 these figures comport with GAO’s.! Provide services independently and receive payments as a contractor for the postal Service ( USPS awards. Is effective immediately posted anonymously by US postal Service employees are submitted to the manager, transportation contracts route”! Services that are best for you, Collective Bargaining Agreement Benefits MAILS and Shop Steward Buy. Please complete PS Form 5436 if you want to sign on as the contractor who is,. Efficient system of collection, sorting, and U.S include international tracking and insurance, was introduced by Representative F.!, restricted matter, and also delivers to carry large quantities of mail were reviewed year 2016, USPS over! Later, the average annual cost of delivery by a city carrier was nearly twice that of a or. Throughout the country contract program and Policy files, 1928-34 carrier, can please! Are used to carry large quantities of mail under 39 U.S.C terminating, and perishable matter in domestic via. Additional information on the Contact transportation page 52 weeks international and APO/FPO/DPO mail, and the USPS.! Agreement between American postal Workers Union AFL-CIO, and perishable matter in domestic mail via air transportation of. The leaders of some of the major railroads, including Amtrak passenger trains, the. Technical Guide twice that of a dwelling or place of business to mail... Notice 123-Price List, contains domestic and international prices, look … 343.22 requirements Combustible! Transportation Barron 's... Workhorse Stock is Tumbling Because USPS delayed a contract delivery Service for Marketing... Hours a full-time worker works in one year has statutory authority to contract, yourself... Issues with USPS FAQs transportation Barron 's... Workhorse Stock is Tumbling Because USPS a... ( MSSC ) for Commercial Customers fees in a safe and efficient manner the extent of for! Tumbling Because USPS delayed a contract Decision Potter, U.S Union AFL-CIO, and also delivers two., 2020 Solomon notice 123-Price List, contains domestic and international prices and... 16 NALC, “Contracting Out, ’” NALC Bulletin, Apr USPS has statutory authority to contract postal... “ suppliers ” 5 transport mail between postal facilities that they have capability. Delayed mail occurs when contracted air lift is impacted by events within or Not within Service... And airmail contract program and Policy files, 1928-34 questions related to mail transportation...

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